Ｎａｆｉｓａ Ｎａｚｒｉｎ＇ｓ

In this topic, I have learned about Malaysia's political background, Politics and Educational Politics, National Economic Policy, and Dualism in Education. I believe integrating knowledge between Islamic education and modern education can form an excellent education system for the country. 

However, in Malaysia, we have four different schools that separate the races; National School, Chinese Vernacular School, Indian Vernacular School, and International Private School. Each school has a different education system. For example, the National School implements the public examination, SPM, as a ticket to further studies in higher education. Meanwhile, the International and Chinese schools got additional tests such as IGCSE (The International General Certificate of Secondary Education) and UEC (The Unified Examination Certificate). Even though they have their own examinations, they must take SPM to pursue their studies in local universities. 

In my opinion, if the government aims to produce a patriotic and harmonious generation, they must invest more in national schools. For instance, upgrading the school facilities, providing more educational resources and necessities. In this case, we must look up to the management of a Chinese school, in which the Parents and Teachers Organisation (similar to PIBG) are active in providing funds for the comfort of their children's learning atmosphere at school. 

It's been years that the school has received fewer funds from the government to upgrade the school facilities. How about we start from these small acts in order to gain trust from other races to register their children in national schools. 

Aside from that, instead of learning subjects such as 'Sivik dan Kewarganeraan' and 'Pengajian Am' theoretically, it is better for the school to encourage their students to involve in community services, co-curriculum activities which involves other races. That is when they can learn about other cultures & differences and learn to respect them. 

To sum up, it took a few changes in the education system to create a better society. Hence, school plays an important role as social agent for the harmonious environment in a society. 

The privatization of higher education institutions is not merely a bad decision but also has a good impacts on the country's economy and education. For instance, the positive effects of privatization of education are the demand is accommodated, the students receive necessary trainings for their profession, better facilities, and conducive learning. All of these can bring a positive environment for students and also affect their academic achievement. 

However, the privatization of education also has negative effects. For example, the increasing gap between rich and poor students, imbalance students enrolment, lack of patriotism, having a dual-system in education, weakening the quality of curriculum and decrease the quality of graduates. Thus, the government has sets number of acts regarding the privatization of education to avoid excess number of private institutions. As revealed by today's presenters, Education Act 1996, Private Higher Education Institutions Act 1990, and Lembaga Akredetasi National Act (LAN).

In order to upgrade the education system in accordance with the modernisation, Malaysia must also upgrades their Knowledge-Based economy to produce a cosmoplitan society with a global talent. With a stable system, we could produce a highly educated labour force and abundant resources of the country which make our country in line with advanced and developed country such as Finland and German.